Simulators
Playgrounds
Every simulator on the site, each on its own page. Move the sliders, predict, test. Each one links back to the lesson that explains it.
54 playgrounds
- F1Ohm and power benchVoltage, resistance, current and heat: why a smaller braking resistor absorbs more power.Foundations
- F2Sine, RMS and phasorA rotating phasor draws the sine wave; RMS value, phase shift and power factor.Foundations
- F3Rotating magnetic fieldThree coils 120° apart make one field that spins; swap two phases to reverse it.Foundations
- F4Star or deltaPhase and line voltages and currents, and where the factor √3 comes from.Foundations
- F5GearboxSpeed divided, torque multiplied, power conserved minus the losses.Foundations
- F6Starting a motor and its loadSurplus torque accelerates the inertia; the motor settles where the curves cross.Foundations
- F7Which way do losses go?Motoring divides by η, generating multiplies: the power-flow arrows.Foundations
- F8Ladder logic starterPress START and STOP, watch the seal-in and the star-delta interlocks.Foundations
- F9PID playgroundTune a controller on five processes, with real-world effects, metrics and replay.Foundations
- F10The four quadrantsDrag the operating point: the sign of T·ω decides motoring or braking.Foundations
- F11PWM inverterSine-triangle modulation and how the motor's inductance smooths the pulses.Foundations
- P1PLC scan cycleRead inputs, execute, write outputs: see why a press shorter than one scan is missed.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- P2S7-200 memory: bits to REALsClick bits and read them as VB, VW, VD and REAL, big-endian.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- P3STEP 7-Micro/WIN tourA clickable map of the software and the TP 0 workflow, from the cable to forcing.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- P4Ladder editor on a virtual PLC-200Drag contacts, coils, timers and counters onto rungs; run them on a simulated CPU 224 with the trainer panel.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- P5GRAFCET player and editorDraw a GRAFCET, run it as SCR steps on the virtual PLC and watch the active steps.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- P6STL runnerPaste statement list or open a Micro/WIN .awl export with its symbol table and run it.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- P7PLC-200 bench: stepper, encoder, DC motorRun STL with PLS, HDEF and HSC on the trainer's moving parts: stepper that can stall, encoder, DC motor with its sensors, and pulled leads.PLC programming · S7-200 and GRAFCET
- C1.0Load familiesConstant torque, fan and constant power loads: torque and power against speed.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C1.1Induction motor against a loadTorque-speed curve, operating point, breakdown and stall; voltage and rotor resistance.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C1.2Synchronous motorThe rotor lags the field by the torque angle and slips poles past 90°.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C1.3DC motor familiesShunt, series and compound speed curves; unload the series motor and watch it race.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C1.4Duty cycle and heatingBuild a load cycle, watch the winding warm up, compare T_rms and the peak.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C1.5Nameplate decoderClick any field of a motor nameplate to read what it means and what follows.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C1.6Motor selection gameThree applications, one catalogue: pick the smallest motor that passes every check.Chapter 1 · Choosing a motor
- C2.1Pump and system curvesSpeed, valve and static head move the operating point and the energy bill.Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C2.2Starting-methods raceDOL, star-delta, autotransformer, soft starter and VFD on the same motor and load.Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C2.3Soft-starter waveformFiring angle, RMS voltage, harmonics, and the torque and current they allow.Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C2.4V/f driveThe torque curve slides with frequency; boost at low speed, field weakening above 50 Hz.Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C2.5Constant-pressure boosterA PI loop holds the network pressure through night and morning demand (Lab II).Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C2.6How many pumps?Parallel pumps, efficiency and capacity on two kinds of network.Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C2.7Flow control and energyThrottling, on/off, constant pressure and VFD for pumps, fans and compressors.Chapter 2 · Pumps, fans and compressors
- C3.1Elevator shaftLoad, direction, balancing factor and roping: the motor torque, its sign and the quadrant.Chapter 3 · Elevators and mine hoists
- C3.2Lab III tripA full S-curve trip with static and dynamic torque: power, quadrant and the braking resistor it needs.Chapter 3 · Elevators and mine hoists
- C3.3S-curve designerSpeed, acceleration and jerk limits: comfort against trip time, next to the trapezoidal profile.Chapter 3 · Elevators and mine hoists
- C3.4DC bus and chopperA full-load descent charges the DC bus: no braking, a chopper and resistor, or an active front end.Chapter 3 · Elevators and mine hoists
- C3.5Safety-chain troubleshooterInject an open wire or a jumper, probe the test points, and find a hidden fault by half-splitting.Chapter 3 · Elevators and mine hoists
- C3.6Mine hoist winding cycleDepth, speed, acceleration, creep and dwell: cycle time and tonnes per hour; drum against Koepe.Chapter 3 · Elevators and mine hoists
- C4.1Crane hoist driveRaise and lower the Tutorial 4.1 load: torque, quadrant, returned power, and a resistor rated on the duty cycle.Chapter 4 · Overhead cranes
- C4.2Load spectrum and duty groupEdit how often each load is lifted and watch the cube law decide the fatigue: k_p and the spectrum class.Chapter 4 · Overhead cranes
- C4.3Brake-lift sequencerPut the seven start and stop steps in order. Release the brake too early and the load drops.Chapter 4 · Overhead cranes
- C4.4Crane anti-swayA step against two half-steps T/2 apart, for any rope length, with the shaper tuned or not (Lab IV).Chapter 4 · Overhead cranes
- C4.5Gantry skewOne leg runs slightly slower. Close a position loop on the skew and find a gain that holds it without ringing.Chapter 4 · Overhead cranes
- C5.1Belt pullLength, rise and load: see which resistance sizes the drive, and how the DIN 22101 model differs from the quick formula.Chapter 5 · Conveyors and continuous transport
- C5.2Belt as a springStart a long belt with a linear ramp or an S-curve and watch the tension overshoot. Find where the S-curve starts to help.Chapter 5 · Conveyors and continuous transport
- C5.3Load sharingTwo or three drives on one belt: let them fight, then share by master-slave or droop, and cut the fieldbus link.Chapter 5 · Conveyors and continuous transport
- C5.4Conveyor chain sequencingStart and stop four conveyors by hand or by sequencer. Start in the wrong order and material piles up.Chapter 5 · Conveyors and continuous transport
- C5.5Escalator safety chainTrip a combplate, cut a wire, drop the supply: series normally-closed wiring against parallel normally-open.Chapter 5 · Conveyors and continuous transport
- C6.1Mill reversalA reversing mill hands back its flywheel energy at every pass. See how much, how fast, and why no resistor could take it.Chapter 6 · Case studies and the mini-project
- C6.2WinderGrow a paper roll from core to full at constant tension and speed: torque rises as speed falls, and the power stays put.Chapter 6 · Case studies and the mini-project
- C6.3Drive harmonicsA six-pulse drive's line current and its 6k ± 1 spectrum. Add a reactor, go 12-pulse or fit an active front end, and check IEEE 519.Chapter 6 · Case studies and the mini-project
- C6.4Cable reflectionA fast PWM edge on a long motor cable. Past the critical length the motor sees nearly twice the DC link.Chapter 6 · Case studies and the mini-project
- C6.5AvailabilityMTBF, MTTR, a spare on the shelf or a second unit: see which one really buys uptime.Chapter 6 · Case studies and the mini-project
- C6.6Capstone checklistThe mini-project rubric as a checklist: tick what your design already covers, see what is missing.Chapter 6 · Case studies and the mini-project